Home
About
Links
Hobbycraft
Photos
Downloads
|
2020 Stolen
presidential election, two thirds of Republican voters believe
that the 2020 election was stolen from Donald Trump, and that Biden was not
lawfully elected. According to them, “massive” fraud occurred in certain
states (fake voters, rigged voting machines, etc.) with the blessing of
election officials and unscrupulous judges, thus tipping the contest. Due to the ongoing pandemic, a record number of ballots were
cast early and by mail. Thirty-eight states had over half of all votes cast
using these methods. As a result of a large number of mail-in ballots, some
swing states saw delays in vote counting and reporting; this led to major
news outlets delaying their projection of Biden and Harris as the
president-elect and vice president-elect until the morning of November 7,
2020. President Donald Trump, claimed there were massive
irregularities in the election process. These claims were largely focused on
mail-in ballots, susceptible to “ballot box stuffing” which had been expanded
due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In the 2020 election, Democratic nominee Joe Biden earned more
than 81 million votes, to Republican nominee Trump's 74 million. But in 2024,
Trump had more than 72 million votes while Vice President Kamala Harris had
just 68 million. Why did 2020 election have 15 million more votes than recorded
in 2024 election? Considering another 5 million additional voters available
in 2024, it seems that 20 million of the 2020 votes were unexpected or
possibly fraudulent.
2021 James Webb space telescope launched, is a space telescope designed to conduct infrared astronomy. It
is equipped with high-resolution and high-sensitivity instruments, allowing
it to view objects too old, distant, or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope.
This enables investigations across many fields of astronomy and cosmology,
such as observation of the first stars and the formation of the first
galaxies, and detailed atmospheric characterization of potentially habitable
exoplanets. Webb is examining every phase of
cosmic history: from the first luminous glows after the Big Bang to the
formation of galaxies, stars, and planets to the evolution of our own solar
system. Webb’s infrared-detecting technology reveals the hidden universe to
our eyes: stars shrouded in clouds of dust, water in the atmospheres of other
worlds, and the first light from some of the earliest galaxies ever formed. With infrared vision that can see
back over 13.5 billion years to the era in the early universe when the first
stars and galaxies started forming. Webb is helping scientists better
understand their growth and evolution. This includes how galaxies came to
have central supermassive black holes, what the stellar populations in early
galaxies look like, how elements heavier than hydrogen formed, details about
galaxy mergers, and the process of galaxy formation itself. Webb is a powerful “time machine”
with infrared vision that can see back over 13.5 billion years to the era in
the early universe when the first stars and galaxies started forming. Webb is the first telescope with the power
and capability to see the light from these distant objects, which has been
shifted to the infrared due to the expansion of the universe. This period in the universe’s history is
known as “Cosmic Dawn” – approximately 50 million years to one billion years
after the big bang.
Thousands of galaxies – including the faintest
objects ever observed in the infrared – have appeared in Webb’s view for the
first time. Webb's primary mirror consists of
18 hexagonal mirror segments made of gold-plated beryllium, which together
create a 21 foot diameter mirror. This
gives Webb a light-collecting area of about 270 sq ft. Webb observes a lower
frequency range, from long-wavelength visible light (red) through
mid-infrared (0.6–28.5 μm). The telescope must be kept extremely cold, −370
°F, so that the infrared radiation emitted by the telescope itself does not
interfere with the collected light. Its five-layer sunshield protects it from
warming by the Sun, Earth, and Moon. Webb mirror is gold-coated
beryllium made up of 18 separate hexagonal mirrors. The mirror has a gold
coating to provide infrared reflectivity, covered by a thin layer of glass
for durability.
Webb operates in a halo orbit,
circling a point in space known as the Sun–Earth L2 Lagrange point,
approximately 930,000 miles beyond Earth's orbit around the Sun. Its actual
position varies between about 155,000–517,000 miles from L2 as it orbits,
keeping it out of both Earth and Moon's shadow. Objects near this Sun–Earth
L2 point can orbit the Sun in synchrony with the Earth, allowing the
telescope to remain at a roughly constant distance with continuous
orientation of its sunshield and equipment bus toward the Sun, Earth and
Moon. Combined with its wide, shadow-avoiding orbit, the telescope can
simultaneously block incoming heat and light from all three bodies and avoid
even the most minor changes in temperature from Earth and Moon shadows that
would affect the structure, while maintaining uninterrupted solar power and
Earth communications on its Sun-facing side. This arrangement keeps the
temperature of the spacecraft constant and below the −370 °F necessary
for faint infrared observations.
Its large sunshield blocks light and heat from the Sun, Earth,
and Moon, and its position near the Sun–Earth L2 keeps all three bodies on
the same side of the spacecraft at all times. Its halo orbit around the L2
point avoids the shadow of the Earth and Moon, maintaining a constant
environment for the sunshield and solar arrays. The resulting stable
temperature for the structures on the dark side is critical to maintaining
precise alignment of the primary mirror segments.
The sunshield consists of five
layers, each approximately as thin as a human hair. Each layer is made of
Kapton E film, coated with aluminum on both sides. The two outermost layers
have an additional coating of doped silicon on the Sun-facing sides, to better
reflect the Sun's heat into space. The sunshield has an effective sun
protection factor, or SPF, of 1,000,000, compared to suntan lotion with a
range of 8 to 50. The sunshield was designed to be folded twelve times so that it
would fit within the Ariane 5 rocket's payload fairing, which is 15.0 feet in
diameter, and 53.1 feet long. The shield's fully deployed dimensions were
planned as 46.46 feet × 69.54 feet). Keeping within the shadow of the
sunshield limits the field of regard of Webb at any given time. The telescope
can see 40 percent of the sky from any one position but can see all of the
sky over a period of six months. The Webb telescope uses 132 small
actuation motors to position and adjust the optics. The actuators can
position the mirror with 10 nanometer accuracy. Webb has two pairs of rocket
engines (one pair for redundancy) to make course corrections on the way to L2
and for station keeping – maintaining the correct position in the halo orbit.
Eight smaller thrusters are used for attitude control – the correct pointing
of the spacecraft. The engines use hydrazine fuel (42 U.S. gallons at launch)
and dinitrogen tetroxide as oxidizer (21.0 U.S. gallons at launch). Several thousand scientists,
engineers, and technicians spanning 15 countries have contributed to the
build, test, and integration of Webb. A total of 258 companies, government
agencies, and academic institutions participated in the pre-launch project; 142
from the United States, 104 from 12 European countries (including 21 from the
U.K., 16 from France, 12 from Germany and 7 international), and 12 from
Canada. Other countries as NASA partners, such as Australia, were involved in
post-launch operation. The James Webb Space Telescope has four key goals:
1.
to search for light from the first stars
and galaxies that formed in the universe after the Big Bang
2.
to study galaxy formation and evolution
3.
to understand star formation and planet
formation
4.
to study planetary systems and the
origins of life
James E. Webb ran the fledgling space agency from February 1961
to October 1968. He believed that NASA had to strike a balance between human
space flight and science. During his tenure, NASA invested in the
development of robotic spacecraft, which explored the lunar environment so
that astronauts could do so later, and it sent scientific probes to Mars and
Venus, giving Americans their first-ever view of the strange landscape of
outer space. Link to “Space Telescope Live User Guide”: https://spacetelescopelive.org/user-guide
2024 Donald
Trump wounded by assassins’ bullet while
speaking at an open-air campaign rally near Butler, Pennsylvania. Trump was
wounded in his upper right ear by 20-year-old Thomas Crooks, who fired eight
rounds from an AR-15–style rifle from a nearby building's roof. Crooks also
killed an audience member and critically injured two others. Four seconds
after he began firing, a member of the Butler County Emergency Service Unit
shot at him and hit his rifle, preventing him from firing more shots. Twelve
seconds later, Crooks was shot and killed by the Counter Sniper Team of the
United States Secret Service.
Butler Farm Show Grounds
Donal
Trump elected as 47th president, defeating his Democratic rival Vice President Kamala Harris,
winning 277 Electoral College votes and securing his spot as the nation’s
47th president.
He won key swing states, including North Carolina, Georgia,
Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, as well as Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia,
Florida, Tennessee, South Carolina, Oklahoma, Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas,
North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Louisiana, Ohio, Texas,
Missouri, Utah, Montana, Kansas, Iowa, and Idaho. Sure makes me wonder about 2020. Many thought there was
fraud. All of those missing voters in
2024 may indeed have been manufactured in 2020! The win makes Trump the second US president to serve
non-consecutive terms, following Grover Cleveland, who served two separate
terms in the late 1800s, with President Benjamin Harrison in between.
Click below
for accomplishments To be
continued…
2025 Charlie
Kirk is assassinated, on September 10, at
Utah Valley University in Orem, Utah, while speaking at an outdoor campus debate
planned by Turning Point USA, the conservative youth organization he
co-founded and led. Kirk, aged 31, was a close ally of US president Donald
Trump and a highly influential figure in the MAGA movement. Kirk was fatally shot in the neck with a single bullet by a
gunman positioned on the roof of a building approximately 142 yards away.
Kirk was taken to a local hospital, where he was pronounced dead. A manhunt
for the shooter ended the following day when Tyler James Robinson, a
22-year-old from Washington, Utah, surrendered to the local sheriff.
Prosecutors charged Robinson with aggravated murder on September 16 and
announced they would seek the death penalty, alleging a politically motivated
attack.
Kirk was under a tent in the grassy amphitheater at the bottom
left; the shot reportedly came from the roof of the building at the
upper right. |
